CINEP researchers On May 19, 1997 researchers Mario Calderón and Elsa Alvarado from the People's Center for Research and Education, CINEP, were killed by group of five men who had broken into their home. In addition the father of one of the victims was killed and the mother was wounded. The Fiscal's Office issued a warrant fpr arrest without bail against Alexander Londoño, alias "El Zarco", and Edwar Melguizo-Londoño, as the alleged perpetrators of these crimes. That Office has yet issued in-depth decision regarding the accused Fidel and Carlos Castaño-Gil, leaders of the so-called self defense groups. An indictment against five individuals was also issue as the alleged perpetrators of a series of cases of aggravated homicide, attempted murder, illegal possession of weapons for personal defense, aggravated robbery and illicit use of radiocommunications equipment. Currently, six people are in custody. Segovia massacre On November 11, 1998, at approximately 11:00 pm, a group of armed men traveling in four four-wheel drive vehicles in the greater urban area of Segovia, in the Department of Antioquia, opened fire on the population. These individuals entered places of business, shooting those they found there. This attack left 43 deaths and 45 wounded. The Santafé de Bogotá Regional Fiscal's Office ordered a new investigation on December 29, 1994 and indictments were issued against four particulars and five members of Army and Police Forces. The Superior Judicial Council on February 18, 1997 passed judgement an the jurisdictional conflict between Military Criminal Justice and Ordinary Criminal Justice that the crimes of conspiring to commit a crime, homicide and injuries for terrorist ends fell under the jurisdiction of Military Criminal Justice and that the crime of terrorism alleged committed military personnel fell under the jurisdiction of Ordinary Criminal Justice. On March 31, 1998, a Santafé de Bogotá Regional Judge passed a prison sentence of 18 years on the following Officers: Major Marco Hernando Baéz-Garzón, Lieutenant Edgardo Hernández, Lieutenant Alejendro Londoño-Tamayo, Captain Hugo Valencia and Captain Jorge Chacón as co-perpetrators of the crime of terrorims: 28 years against Carlos Mario Ruiz-Villa. The sentence was appeal before the National Superior Courts; the trial proceeds. Regarding the investigation carried out by Military Criminal Justice, the Higher Military Court confirmed on November 25, 1998, the decision of Judge 126 of Military Criminal Instruction of the Brigade, in which no warrant for arrest was issued due to a lack of evidence. Mapiripan massacre On July 14, 1997, an armed group from the United Self-Defense Groups of Colombia "Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia" murdered an unknown number of people in the town of Mapiripan in the Department of Meta, accusing the victims of being guerrilla fighters or sympathizers of subversive groups operating in the region. The Fiscal's Office issued an arrest warrant without bail against one Army Colonnel, on the grounds of conspiring to commit a crime, failure to act in the face of aggravated kidnapping, aggravated homicide and terrorims; in addition, the same type of warrant has been issued against Brigadier General Jaime Humberto Uscategui for homicide, aggravated kidnapping and falsifying a public document. An indictment was issued against Carlos Castaño-Gil, leader of the self-defense groups, as the intellectual author of criminal acts involving five individuals, including two pilots and two middle-rank Army Officers, for the crime of formation of paramilitary groups. Nine are currently under arrest. The Procurador's Office issued an order on April 7, 1999 for disciplinary charges against three Army Officers, the Secretary of the Governor of Guaviare, the Mayor, the Municipal Registrar, the Police Inspector and the personero (personero in Colombia is the municipal delegate of the procurador) of the Municipality of Mapiripan. Puerto Alvira massacre On May 4, 1999, armed members of the United Self-Defense Groups of Colombia entered the countryside of Puerto Alvira, in the greater Mapiripán area in the Department of Meta and killed an unknown number of people, burning houses, perpetrating other damage and threatening residents. The criminal process is currently in the hands of the Humans Rights Unit of the Fiscal's Office, and seven individuals have been indicted in absentia with warrants for the arrest for conspiring to commit crime, aggravated homicide, and formation of paramilitary groups. No arrest heve been made to date. For its part, the Procurador's Office has ordered the initiation of a disciplinary investigation of four Generals, two Division Commanders, a Colonel and two Police Officers for possible negligence in preventing the massacre.